Perfectly matched layer

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The perfectly matched layer (PML) approach to implementing absorbing boundary conditions in FDTD codes was proposed by Berenger in 1994 (see [1]). The approach involves surrounding the computational cell with medium that in theory absorbs without any reflection electromagnetic waves at all frequencies and angles of incidence. Berenger showed that such a medium can be constructed as a lossy anisotropic dielectric with electric and magnetic conductivities of equal magnitude. Of course, the magnetic conductivity requirement makes this an unphysical medium.

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